Prototype Bean Scope with Annotation

Prototype Bean Scope: If scope is set to prototype, the Spring IoC container creates new bean instance of the object every time a request for that specific bean is made. As a rule, use the prototype scope for all state-full beans and the singleton scope for stateless beans.


Lets see with example which show the prototype scope of the ‘zeroPoint’ bean in the spring container.

Point.java

package com.dineshonjava.sdnext.beanscope.tutorial;

public class Point
{
 private int x;
 private int y;
 /**
  * @return the x
  */
 public int getX() {
  return x;
 }
 /**
  * @param x the x to set
  */
 public void setX(int x) {
  this.x = x;
 }
 /**
  * @return the y
  */
 public int getY() {
  return y;
 }
 /**
  * @param y the y to set
  */
 public void setY(int y) {
  this.y = y;
 }
}


spring.xml

<beans xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:>
DrawingApp.java
package com.dineshonjava.sdnext.beanscope.tutorial;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * @author Dinesh Rajput
 *
 */
public class DrawingApp 
{
 /**
  * @param args
  */
 public static void main(String[] args) 
 {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");

Point point1 = (Point) context.getBean("zeroPoint");
Point point2 = (Point) context.getBean("zeroPoint");
if(point1 == point2)
 System.out.println("In Singleton Demo >> Both are same objects values are.." +
     "n 1. point1= "+point1+" n 2. point2= "+point2);
else
  System.out.println("In Protptype Demo >> Both are different objects values are.." +
     "n 1. point1= "+point1+" n 2. point2= "+point2);
 }
}
Output:
Jun 28, 2012 9:10:46 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@ab50cd: startup date [Thu Jun 28 21:10:46 IST 2012]; root of context hierarchy
Jun 28, 2012 9:10:46 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring.xml]
Jun 28, 2012 9:10:46 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons
INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@1543c88: defining beans [zeroPoint]; root of factory hierarchy

In Protptype Demo >> Both are different objects values are..
 1. point1= com.dineshonjava.sdnext.beanscope.tutorial.Point@d3d6f
 2. point2= com.dineshonjava.sdnext.beanscope.tutorial.Point@13c468a

Once you are done with creating source and bean configuration files, let us run the application. If everything is fine with your application, this will print the above message: See the both address value of the object is different.

Bean scopes using annotation:


spring.xml

<beans xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:>

Here component-scan element has attribute 'base-package'. base-package contain the base package of the Bean class.

base-package = "com.dineshonjava.sdnext.beanscope.tutorial"

Ponit.java
package com.dineshonjava.sdnext.beanscope.tutorial;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
@Scope("prototype")
public class Point
{
 private int x;
 private int y;
 /**
  * @return the x
  */
 public int getX() {
  return x;
 }
 /**
  * @param x the x to set
  */
 public void setX(int x) {
  this.x = x;
 }
 /**
  * @return the y
  */
 public int getY() {
  return y;
 }
 /**
  * @param y the y to set
  */
 public void setY(int y) {
  this.y = y;
 }
}

Annotation @Service:
Target : Class
Description:
Here @Service is streotype annotation which declared above the class name that means this class is a bean of the spring container.
In Spring container this bean recognized by the id "point" means that same as the class name except first letter of the class name is the small letter.
for example: class 'Point' get as 'point' bean
                    class 'Circle' get as 'circle' bean

Annotation @Scope:
Target : Class
Description:
Here @Scope is annotation which declared above the class name that define the scope the bean

 @Scope("singleton")
 @Scope("prototype")

DrawingApp.java

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.dineshonjava.sdnext.beanscope.tutorial.Point;
/**
 * @author Dinesh Rajput
 *
 */
public class DrawingApp 
{
 /**
  * @param args
  */
 public static void main(String[] args) 
 {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
Point point1 = (Point) context.getBean("point");
Point point2 = (Point) context.getBean("point");
if(point1 == point2)
  System.out.println("In Singleton Demo >> Both are same objects values are.." +
  "n 1. point1= "+point1+" n 2. point2= "+point2);
else
  System.out.println("In Protptype Demo >> Both are different objects values are.." +
  "n 1. point1= "+point1+" n 2. point2= "+point2);
 }
}
Output:

Jun 28, 2012 10:59:39 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@758fc9: startup date [Thu Jun 28 22:59:39 IST 2012]; root of context hierarchy
Jun 28, 2012 10:59:39 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring.xml]
Jun 28, 2012 10:59:39 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons
INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@bb7759: defining beans [point,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor$ImportAwareBeanPostProcessor#0]; root of factory hierarchy
In Protptype Demo >> Both are different objects values are..
 1. point1= com.dineshonjava.sdnext.beanscope.tutorial.Point@d3d6f
 2. point2= com.dineshonjava.sdnext.beanscope.tutorial.Point@13c468a

Spring Related Topics you may like
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  13. Spring Bean Scopes
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                              Bean Scope in The Spring

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Dinesh Rajput

Dinesh Rajput is the chief editor of a website Dineshonjava, a technical blog dedicated to the Spring and Java technologies. It has a series of articles related to Java technologies. Dinesh has been a Spring enthusiast since 2008 and is a Pivotal Certified Spring Professional, an author of a book Spring 5 Design Pattern, and a blogger. He has more than 10 years of experience with different aspects of Spring and Java design and development. His core expertise lies in the latest version of Spring Framework, Spring Boot, Spring Security, creating REST APIs, Microservice Architecture, Reactive Pattern, Spring AOP, Design Patterns, Struts, Hibernate, Web Services, Spring Batch, Cassandra, MongoDB, and Web Application Design and Architecture. He is currently working as a technology manager at a leading product and web development company. He worked as a developer and tech lead at the Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd and was the first developer in his previous company, Paytm. Dinesh is passionate about the latest Java technologies and loves to write technical blogs related to it. He is a very active member of the Java and Spring community on different forums. When it comes to the Spring Framework and Java, Dinesh tops the list!

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