<p>In this article we will discuss Constructor Injection and Setter Injection. These are two ways to define the dependency injection in the spring application. Spring Dependency Injection (DI) design pattern is used to define the object dependencies between each other. There are following two types in <b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/dependency-injection-in-spring/">dependency-injection</a></b>:</p>
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<div style="color: #274e13;"><b>1. The constructor injection</b></div>
<div style="color: #274e13;"><b>2. The setter injection </b></div>
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<div style="color: #274e13;">Historically the <b>setter injection</b> type come from spring, whereas <b>constructor injection</b> type are from <b><a href="http://www.picocontainer.org/">PicoContainer</a> </b>and <a href="http://code.google.com/p/google-guice/"><b>Google GUICE</b></a> (<b><i>Googles </i><i>lightweight dependency injection framework</i>)</b>.</div>
</div>
<p> ;</p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><img src="https://dineshonjava.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/spring-setter-constructor-injections.jpg" border="0" /></div>
<p> ;</p>
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<h2 style="color: #274e13;"><b>Constructor Injection</b></h2>
<div style="color: #274e13;">The basic idea with <b>constructor injection</b> is that the object has no defaults and instead you have a single constructor where all of the collaborators and values need to be supplied before you can instantiate the object.</div>
<div style="color: #274e13;">Now we see an Example which has Constructor Injection type dependency.</div>
<p><b>Triangle.java</b></p>
<pre class="highlight">package com.dineshonjava.sdnext.constructorInjection.tutorial; 
 
/** 
 * @author Dinesh Rajput 
 * 
 */ 
public class Triangle 
{ 
 private String type; 
 private int height; 
 /** 
 * @param type the type to set 
 */ 
 /*public void setType(String type) { 
 this.type = type; 
 }*/ 
 
 public Triangle(String type) 
 { 
 this.type = type; 
 } 
 public Triangle(int height) 
 { 
 this.height = height; 
 } 
 public Triangle(String type, int height) 
 { 
 this.type = type; 
 this.height = height; 
 } 
 public void draw() 
 { 
 System.out.println(this.type+" triangle is drawn of height "+this.height); 
 } 
} 
</pre>
<p>The <i style="color: #274e13;"><b>Triangle</b></i> bean class has two attributes viz.<i style="color: #274e13;"> <b>type </b>and <b>height</b></i>. All the two attributes are set using the <b>constructor injection</b>.<b> </b><br />
<b>spring.xml</b></p>
<pre class="highlight"><;beans xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:> 
<div style="color: #274e13;">The <b><i>id</i> </b>attribute of the <b><i>bean</i> </b>element is used to specify the bean name and the <b><i>class</i> </b>attribute is used to specify the <b>fully qualified class name of the bean</b>. The <i><b>constructor-arg</b></i> element with in the <b><i>bean</i> </b>element is used to<b> inject property value via constructor injection</b>. The <i><b>index</b></i> attribute of the <i><b>constructor-arg</b></i> element represents the constructor argument sequences which passes to the constructor of the class 
such as.. <b> </b> 
<b> Triangle(String type, int height)</b> 
at <b>index = 0 </b>argument is<b> type;</b> 
and at <b>index = 1</b> argument is<b> height;</b> 
<b> and so on.</b> 
<b> </b>If any class has <b>one argument constructor</b> then<b> there are no need to specify the index attribute</b> of the bean in the bean configuration in spring.<b> i.e. We can say index attribute used to distinguished to arguments of the constructor. </b>Now second attribute is <b>type</b> of the <i><b>constructor-arg </b></i>it is used for type of the arguments of the constructor. 
Such as.. 
<b> Triangle(String type, int height)</b> 
then <b>type </b><b>= "java.lang.String"</b> 
<b> and </b><b>type </b><b>= "int"</b> 
and the <b><i>value</i> </b>attribute specifies the corresponding<b> property value</b>.</div> 
<div style="color: #274e13;"></div> 
<div style="color: #274e13;">Here we set "<i><b>Equilateral </b></i>" and "<i><b>20</b></i>" for the <i><b>Triangle</b></i> bean properties <b><i>type </i>and <i>height</i></b> respectively. The following <i>Main</i> class is used to get the <i><b>Triangle</b></i> bean from the <a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-ioc-container/"><b>Spring IoC container</b></a> and display its value it to the<i><b> Triangle</b></i> .</div> 
<b>DrawingApp.java</b> 
<pre class="highlight">package com.dineshonjava.sdnext.constructorInjection.tutorial; 
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; 
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; 
 
/** 
 * @author Dinesh Rajput 
 * 
 */ 
public class DrawingApp 
{ 
 /** 
 * @param args 
 */ 
 public static void main(String[] args) 
 { 
 //Triangle triangle = new Triangle(); 
 //BeanFactory factory =new XmlBeanFactory(new FileSystemResource("spring.xml")); 
 ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml"); 
 Triangle triangle = (Triangle) context.getBean("triangle"); 
 triangle.draw(); 
 } 
} 
</pre>
<div style="color: #274e13;"><b>Now we run this example the following output on the console.</b></div>
<div style="background-color: #ff99cc; border-width: thin; border: solid;">
<div style="color: blue;"><b>Output:</b></div>
<div style="color: red;">Jun 20, 2012 12:12:25 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh</div>
<div style="color: red;">INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@145d068: startup date [Wed Jun 20 00:12:25 IST 2012]; root of context hierarchy</div>
<div style="color: red;">Jun 20, 2012 12:12:25 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions</div>
<div style="color: red;">INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring.xml]</div>
<div style="color: red;">Jun 20, 2012 12:12:26 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons</div>
<div style="color: red;">INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@14c1103: defining beans [triangle]; root of factory hierarchy</div>
<p><b>Equilateral triangle is drawn of height 20</b></p>
</div>
</div>
<div></div>
<h2 style="color: #274e13;"><b>Setter Injection</b></h2>
<div style="color: #274e13;">The basic-ideas is that you have a no <b>argument-constructor</b> which creates the object with <b>reasonable-defaults</b> . The user of the object can then call <b>setters </b>on the object to override the collaborators of the object in order to wire the object graph together or to replace the key collaborators with test-doubles.</div>
<div style="color: #274e13;">Now we see an Example which has Constructor Injection type dependency.</div>
<p><b>Triangle.java</b></p>
<pre class="highlight">package com.sdnext.constructorInjection.tutorial; 
 
/** 
 * @author Dinesh Rajput 
 * 
 */ 
public class Triangle 
{ 
 private String type; 
 private int height; 
 /** 
 * @param type the type to set 
 */ 
 public void setType(String type) { 
 this.type = type; 
 } 
 
 /** 
 * @param height the height to set 
 */ 
 public void setHeight(String height) { 
 this.height= height; 
 } 
 
 public void draw() 
 { 
 System.out.println(this.type+" triangle is drawn of height "+this.height); 
 } 
} 
 
</pre>
<p>The <i style="color: #274e13;"><b>Triangle</b></i> bean class has two attributes viz.<i style="color: #274e13;"> <b>type and height</b></i>. All the two attributes are set using the <b>setter injection</b>. <b><br />
</b></p>
<p><b>spring.xml</b></p>
<pre class="highlight"><;beans xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:> 
<div style="color: #274e13;">The <b><i>id</i> </b>attribute of the <b><i>bean</i> </b>element is used to specify the bean name and the <b><i>class</i> </b>attribute is used to specify the <b>fully qualified class name of the bean</b>. The <b><i>property</i> </b>element with in the <b><i>bean</i> </b>element is used to<b> inject property value via setter injection</b>. The <b><i>name</i> </b>attribute of the <b><i>property</i> </b>element represents the bean attribute and the <b><i>value</i> </b>attribute specifies the corresponding<b> property value</b>.</div> 
<div style="color: #274e13;"></div> 
<div style="color: #274e13;">Here we set "<i><b>Equilateral </b></i>" and "<i><b>20</b></i>" for the <i><b>Triangle</b></i> bean properties <b><i>type </i>and <i>height</i></b> respectively. The following <i>Main</i> class is used to get the <i><b>Triangle</b></i> bean from the <a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-ioc-container/"><b>Spring IoC container</b></a> and display its value it to the<i><b> Triangle</b></i> .</div> 
<b> </b> 
<b>DrawingApp.java</b> 
<pre class="highlight">package com.dineshonjava.sdnext.constructorInjection.tutorial; 
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; 
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; 
 
/** 
 * @author Dinesh Rajput 
 * 
 */ 
public class DrawingApp 
{ 
 /** 
 * @param args 
 */ 
 public static void main(String[] args) 
 { 
 //Triangle triangle = new Triangle(); 
 //BeanFactory factory =new XmlBeanFactory(new FileSystemResource("spring.xml")); 
 ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml"); 
 Triangle triangle = (Triangle) context.getBean("triangle"); 
 triangle.draw(); 
 } 
} 
</pre>
<div style="color: #274e13;"><b>Now we run this example the following output on the console.</b></div>
<div style="background-color: #ff99cc; border-width: thin; border: solid;">
<div style="color: blue;"><b>Output:</b></div>
<div style="color: red;">Jun 20, 2012 12:12:25 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh</div>
<div style="color: red;">INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@145d068: startup date [Wed Jun 20 00:12:25 IST 2012]; root of context hierarchy</div>
<div style="color: red;">Jun 20, 2012 12:12:25 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions</div>
<div style="color: red;">INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring.xml]</div>
<div style="color: red;">Jun 20, 2012 12:12:26 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons</div>
<div style="color: red;">INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@14c1103: defining beans [triangle]; root of factory hierarchy</div>
<p><b>Equilateral triangle is drawn of height 20</b></p>
</div>
</div>
<h2 style="color: #274e13;">Injecting Object(User define) to the Bean</h2>
<div style="color: #274e13;">In the above examples we have been seen that how to define the<i><b> bean(Triangle)</b></i> definition in the <b><i>configuration file (spring.xml)</i></b> and initialized its associated <b><i>properties(type and height)</i></b>. In previous examples We only used <b>primitive data types (int, long, double etc.)</b> and <b>java defined class such as like String, Integer, etc(for example type is String and height is int)</b>.</div>
<pre class="highlight">pubic class Triangle{ 
 private int height; 
 private String type; 
 private double area; 
 ... 
 ... 
} 
</pre>
<div style="color: #274e13;">Now we will define a <i><b>bean(Triangle) </b></i>with user define <b>properties (Point class)</b>.</div>
<pre class="highlight">pubic class Triangle{ 
 private Point pointA; 
 private Point pointB; 
 private Point pointC; 
 ... 
 ... 
}</pre>
<pre class="highlight">pubic class Point{ 
 private int X; 
 private int Y; 
 ... 
 ... 
}</pre>
</div>
<p>Lets see with the example. <b> </b><br />
<b>Triangle.java</b></p>
<pre class="highlight">package com.dineshonjava.sdnext.injectingObject.tutorial; 
 
public class Triangle 
{ 
 private Point pointA; 
 private Point pointB; 
 private Point pointC; 
 
 /** 
 * @param pointA the pointA to set 
 */ 
 public void setPointA(Point pointA) { 
 this.pointA = pointA; 
 } 
 
 /** 
 * @param pointB the pointB to set 
 */ 
 public void setPointB(Point pointB) { 
 this.pointB = pointB; 
 } 
 
 /** 
 * @param pointC the pointC to set 
 */ 
 public void setPointC(Point pointC) { 
 this.pointC = pointC; 
 } 
 
 public void draw() 
 { 
 System.out.println("PointA is ("+pointA.getX()+", "+pointA.getY()+")"); 
 System.out.println("PointB is ("+pointB.getX()+", "+pointB.getY()+")"); 
 System.out.println("PointC is ("+pointC.getX()+", "+pointC.getY()+")"); 
 } 
} 
</pre>
<div style="color: #274e13;"><b>Triangle </b>class has three points of nodes to draw a triangle and define setter of all three points pointA, pointB and pointC (<b>only setter is required in the spring framework</b>). Here point is also a class with two points one is X-axis and another is Y-axis.</div>
<p><b>Point.java</b></p>
<pre class="highlight">package com.dineshonjava.sdnext.injectingObject.tutorial; 
 
public class Point 
{ 
 private int x; 
 private int y; 
 /** 
 * @return the x 
 */ 
 public int getX() { 
 return x; 
 } 
 /** 
 * @param x the x to set 
 */ 
 public void setX(int x) { 
 this.x = x; 
 } 
 /** 
 * @return the y 
 */ 
 public int getY() { 
 return y; 
 } 
 /** 
 * @param y the y to set 
 */ 
 public void setY(int y) { 
 this.y = y; 
 } 
} 
</pre>
<p>Here we define the <b>Point </b>class with two properties<b> int x, int y.</b> Actually <b>Point </b>class is also a bean which is as a<b> property of the Triangle bean</b>. Now we will configure both beans to the configuration file(<b>spring.xml</b>).<br />
<b>spring.xml</b></p>
<pre class="highlight"><;beans xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:> 
<div style="color: #274e13;">The <b><i>id</i> </b>attribute of the <b><i>bean</i> </b>element is used to specify the bean name and the <b><i>class</i> </b>attribute is used to specify the <b>fully qualified class name of the bean</b>. The <b><i>property</i> </b>element with in the <b><i>bean</i> </b>element is used to<b> inject property value via setter injection</b>. The <b><i>name</i> </b>attribute of the <b><i>property</i> </b>element represents the bean attribute and the <i><b>ref</b></i> attribute specifies the reference of another bean or <i><b>id</b></i> of the <b><i>bean</i> </b>element (Point) corresponding<b> property</b>.</div> 
<div style="color: #274e13;"></div> 
<div style="color: #274e13;">Here we set "<i><b>pointA</b></i>", "<i><b>pointB</b></i>" and "<i><b>pointC</b></i>" properties name for the <i><b>Triangle</b></i> bean with <i><b>ref</b></i> <i><b>id</b></i> of another bean (Point) "<i><b>pointA</b></i>", "<i><b>pointB</b></i>" and "<i><b>pointC</b></i>" (these <i><b>id</b></i> name may be different such like "<i><b>point1</b></i>", "<i><b>point2</b></i>" and "<i><b>point3</b></i>") respectively. Now "<i><b>pointA</b></i>" is the id of bean element of one Point class and so on. The following <i>Main</i> class is used to get the <i><b>Triangle</b></i> bean from the <a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-ioc-container/"><b>Spring IoC container</b></a> and display its value it to the<i><b> Triangle</b></i> .</div> 
 ; 
 
<b>DrawingApp.java</b> 
<pre class="highlight">package com.dineshonjava.sdnext.injectingObject.tutorial; 
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; 
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; 
 
/** 
 * @author Dinesh Rajput 
 * 
 */ 
public class DrawingApp 
{ 
 /** 
 * @param args 
 */ 
 public static void main(String[] args) 
 { 
 //BeanFactory factory =new XmlBeanFactory(new FileSystemResource("spring.xml")); 
 ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml"); 
 Triangle triangle = (Triangle) context.getBean("triangle"); 
 triangle.draw(); 
 } 
}</pre>
<p> ;</p>
<div style="background-color: #ff99cc; border-width: thin; border: solid;">
<div style="color: blue;"><b>Output:</b></div>
<div style="color: red;">Jun 23, 2012 12:30:25 PM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh</div>
<div style="color: red;">INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@ab50cd: startup date [Sat Jun 23 12:30:25 IST 2012]; root of context hierarchy</div>
<div style="color: red;">Jun 23, 2012 12:30:26 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions</div>
<div style="color: red;">INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring.xml]</div>
<div style="color: red;">Jun 23, 2012 12:30:26 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons</div>
<div style="color: red;">INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@14c1103: defining beans [triangle,zeroPoint,Point2,Point3]; root of factory hierarchy</div>
<p><b>PointA is (0, 0)</b><br />
<b>PointB is (-20, 0)</b><br />
<b>PointC is (20, 0)</b></p>
</div>
</div>
<p> ;</p>
<div style="background-color: #f2f9fc; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid #c9e6f2; line-height: 1.45; padding: 16px;">
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<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-before-advice-example-using-xml-config/"><span style="color: red;"> Spring AOP Before Advice Example using XML Config</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-aspectj-after-annotation-advice-example/"><span style="color: red;"> Spring AOP AspectJ @After Annotation Advice Example</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-after-advice-example-using-xml-config/"><span style="color: red;"> Spring AOP After Advice Example using XML Config</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-aspectj-after-returning-annotation-advice-example/"><span style="color: red;"> Spring AOP AspectJ @AfterReturning Annotation Advice Example</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-after-returning-advice-example-using-xml-config/"><span style="color: red;"> Spring AOP After-Returning Advice Example using XML Config</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-aspectj-after-throwing-annotation-advice-example/"><span style="color: red;"> Spring AOP AspectJ @AfterThrowing Annotation Advice Example</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-after-throwing-advice-example-using-xml-config/"><span style="color: red;"> Spring AOP After Throwing Advice Example using XML Config</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-aspectj-around-annotation-advice-example/"><span style="color: red;"> Spring AOP AspectJ @Around Annotation Advice Example</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-around-advice-example-using-xml-config/"><span style="color: red;"> Spring AOP Around Advice Example using XML Config</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/understanding-aop-proxies-chapter-31/"><span style="color: red;">Spring AOP Proxies in Spring</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-transaction-management-in/"><span style="color: red;"> Spring AOP Transaction Management in Hibernate</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/transaction-management-in-spring/"><span style="color: red;">Spring Transaction Management</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/declarative-transaction-management/"><span style="color: red;">Spring Declarative Transaction Management Example</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-aop-ordering-of-aspects-with-example/"><span style="color: red;">Spring AOP-Ordering of Aspects with Example</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-security-java-based-configuration-with-example/"><span style="color: red;">Spring Security Java Based Configuration with Example</span></a></b></li>
<li><b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/spring-security-xml-namespace-configuration-example/"><span style="color: red;">Spring Security XML Namespace Configuration Example</span></a></b></li>
</ul>
<p> ;</p>
</div>
<p><b>In <a href="https://dineshonjava.com/injecting-inner-beans-in-spring-with/">Next Chapter</a> we will discuss about </b><a href="https://dineshonjava.com/injecting-inner-beans-in-spring-with/"><b>Injecting Inner Beans in Spring with Example</b></a><b> in Application.</b></p>
<p><b> </b><br />
<b> <;<; <a href="https://dineshonjava.com/application-context-in-spring/">Previous</a> || <a href="https://dineshonjava.com/injecting-inner-beans-in-spring-with/">Next</a> >;>; </b><br />
<b><br />
</b> <b><br />
</b></p>
</div>
<p> ;</p>
</div>
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